Increased CO2 in active tissues leads to what physiological effect?

The increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in active tissues leads to the Bohr effect, which facilitates oxygen unloading from hemoglobin. As CO2 levels rise, it enhances the release of oxygen from hemoglobin to the tissues that need it most, thereby supporting cellular respiration and energy production in those active tissues.

The presence of CO2 affects blood pH by increasing acidity (lowering pH), which is a crucial factor in the Bohr effect. This change in pH causes hemoglobin to change its affinity for oxygen, reducing its ability to hold onto oxygen tightly. Instead, it encourages the release of oxygen where it is needed for metabolism, particularly in highly active tissues where CO2 levels are elevated due to increased metabolic activity.

This physiological response ensures that as tissues consume more oxygen during intense activity, they simultaneously produce more CO2, triggering a response that optimally meets the metabolic demands. This mechanism is vital for maintaining efficient oxygen delivery and utilization during periods of increased activity.