What is the primary function of cilia in the respiratory tract?

Cilia in the respiratory tract play a crucial role in maintaining respiratory health by moving mucus and debris out of the airways. These tiny, hair-like structures line the surface of the respiratory epithelium and beat in a coordinated rhythm. This action helps to transport mucus, which traps dust, pathogens, and other unwanted particles from the air, upwards toward the throat. From there, mucus can be swallowed or expelled through coughing.

The movement of cilia is essential for keeping the airways clear and reducing the risk of infection, as it prevents the buildup of debris and ensures that harmful substances are efficiently removed from the respiratory system. This mechanism of clearing mucus helps to maintain optimal lung function and keeps the delicate tissues of the respiratory tract protected from irritation and infection.