What is the term for air that can be inhaled in excess of tidal inspiration with maximum effort?

The term for air that can be inhaled in excess of tidal inspiration with maximum effort is known as inspiratory reserve volume. This volume refers to the additional amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled after taking a normal tidal breath. Tidal volume is the amount of air exchanged during normal inhalation and exhalation at rest, while inspiratory reserve volume represents the capacity of the lungs to take in more air during vigorous activity. This measurement is crucial for understanding lung capacity and respiratory health, especially in activities that require increased ventilation, such as exercise or respiratory disorders.