What occurs if alveoli are filled with fluid?

When alveoli are filled with fluid, the primary consequence is a decrease in oxygen absorption. Alveoli are the tiny air sacs in the lungs that are critical for gas exchange; they allow oxygen from the air to enter the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be expelled. If these structures are filled with fluid, instead of air, they cannot function effectively for gas exchange.

Fluid in the alveoli creates a barrier between the air and the blood in the capillaries, significantly hampering the diffusion of oxygen. This results in less oxygen being able to pass into the bloodstream, leading to lower oxygen levels in the body, which is a condition known as hypoxia. This can severely impact patient health, as the body relies on adequate oxygen levels to function properly.

Improved lung elasticity and enhanced ventilation would not occur under these conditions, as fluid in the alveoli would lead to stiff lungs and decreased functionality. Additionally, increased gas exchange efficiency is not possible when the alveoli are compromised by fluid, indicating that the option of decreased oxygen absorption is the most accurate and relevant outcome of this situation.