What term describes a condition with PCO2 levels greater than 43 mmHg?

The term that describes a condition with PCO2 levels greater than 43 mmHg is hypercapnia. This condition occurs due to an accumulation of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream, which often results from inadequate ventilation or respiratory failure. When the levels of carbon dioxide increase, the body experiences a shift in the acid-base balance, leading to respiratory acidosis.

Hypercapnia can have significant physiological effects, such as decreased pH in the blood, which may result in changes to respiratory drive and can affect the overall functioning of the body. Understanding this condition is crucial, especially in clinical settings where respiratory function is compromised.

The other terms relate to different situations: hypocapnia refers to reduced carbon dioxide levels, alkalosis indicates an increase in blood pH, and acidosis involves a decrease in blood pH. Therefore, knowing the specific condition associated with elevated PCO2 is important for accurate diagnosis and treatment.