What term describes the surfaces of the lungs that face the mediastinum?

The term that accurately describes the surfaces of the lungs that face the mediastinum is "mediastinal surfaces." The mediastinum is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity, surrounded by the lungs. Each lung has a specific surface that is oriented towards this central area, and these are referred to as the mediastinal surfaces. This designation highlights their anatomical position and functional relevance, especially in the context of structures such as the heart and major blood vessels located within the mediastinum. The other options describe different parts of the lung anatomy: for instance, the costal surfaces refer to the surfaces that face the ribs, while the lateral surfaces pertain to the outer aspects of the lungs away from the mediastinum.