Which layer of the pleura adheres to the mediastinum, diaphragm, and rib cage?

The parietal pleura is the layer that adheres to the mediastinum, diaphragm, and rib cage. It serves as a protective layer that lines the thoracic cavity and provides a surface that allows for smooth movement of the lungs during respiration. The attachment to the structures of the thoracic cavity is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the pleural space and ensuring that the lungs can expand and contract effectively without friction. This layer is distinct from the visceral pleura, which covers the surface of the lungs themselves. Understanding this distinction is important in anatomy and physiology, particularly when studying respiratory mechanics and pleural fluid dynamics.